Using the Activity Starter Component (AI2)

The activity starter component lets you combine applications by having one application start up other applications. Activity Starter is mostly for advanced developers, but it's a key way to extend the App Inventor, because it means lets you take advantage of applications written by others, and created with other development frameworks. The apps you start can be App Inventor apps created by you or others; apps like Camera and Maps that are pre-installed on the device; or any app at all, created using App Inventor or not, as long as you have the necessary information to supply to the activity starter. For applications that are appropriately designed, you can pass values to the applications when starting it. You can also start an application and get back a result from it to use in further processing, provided that the application is designed to return a result. Presently, you can pass and receive text values only. To start another application, you must supply certain control information to the Android operating system. You do this by setting various properties of Activity Starter before calling the StartActivity method. This section gives some examples. Starting Another App Inventor Application from your App Inventor App You can start another app that was created with App Inventor if you know its package name and class name. If you have the source code of the app, you can find these names as follows: Download the source code to your computer. Using a file explorer or unzip utility, find the file youngandroidproject/project.properties The first line will start with " main= ". Everything after that is the package and class name. For example, here is a first line you might see for an App named HelloPurr.: main=appinventor.ai_HomerSimpson.HelloPurr The HomerSimpson part of the name comes from the App Inventor user account. To start this app, you would use an activity starter component with these properties: ActivityPackage: appinventor.ai_HomerSimpson.HelloPurr ActivityClass: appinventor.ai_HomerSimpson.HelloPurr.Screen1 Invoking the activity starter's StartActivity method will start HelloPurr. When HelloPurr finishes (if it does), the original app's ActivityStarter.AfterActivity method will be invoked. Note: If you are going to start another App Inventor app, make sure you use the correct package name. For example, if someone posts the source code (zip file) for an app, and you repackage that app, you'll end up with a different package name than he had. In cases of doubt, or if you don't have the source code, start the activity by hand on the phone and run "adb logcat" to view the Android system log and see what was actually started, as explained below in "Figuring out how to set the properties". Note: If you will be starting a second App Inventor app that you yourself are writing, it's generally easier and more convenient to design the whole thing as a single multiple screen app, rather than creating two separate apps. See the section below on "Activity Starter versus Multiple Screen Apps". Starting a Builtin Phone Application from your App Inventor App Apps that come with the phone can be invoked using package names and class names, as above. Android apps can also launch responses to an intent , which is the Android operating system's way of specifying something to do without necessarily designating a particular app. You can find information about intents (written for advanced developers) in the Android system documentation. Some apps are designed to take extra information when they are launched. For example, maps can take geographic information that specifies which map to display. Another example is launching a Web search with extra information that specifies the text to search for. You must consult the documentation for the particular app to learn what this extra information is and how to specify it. Generally, you specify the information by setting the activity starter's properties just before the other app is launched. Here are some examples: Start the Camera To launch the Android Camera app, use an activity starter with these properties: Action: android.intent.action.MAIN ActivityPackage: com.google.android.camera ActivityClass: com.android.camera.Camera This is pretty much what the App Inventor Camera component does, although it is much more convenient to use the Camera component. Launch a Web search To launch a Web search for a particular query, such as "Homer Simpson", use an activity starter with these properties: Action: android.intent.action.WEB_SEARCH ExtraKey: query ExtraValue: Homer Simpson ActivityPackage: com.google.android.providers.enhancedgooglesearch ActivityClass: com.google.android.providers.enhancedgooglesearch.Launcher Open the browser to a Web page Use these activity starter properties to open a specific web page: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: http://news.google.com Start the mailer with pre-addressed message To start the Android mailer application, use the action android.intent.action.VIEW . You can use Activity starter's DataUri property to specify the recipient, the subject, and the body of the message. In each case, starting the activity will bring up the Android mailer, and you can complete the message and then press "Send". For example, if you specify: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: mailto:santa@northpole.com then starting the activity will bring up the mailer, with the addressee filed in. If you specify: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: mailto:santa@northpole.com?subject=Please Santa&body=Bring me a pony then starting the activity will bring up the mailer, with the addressee, the subject, and the body filled in. You can use the mailer to edit these before sending the message, if you prefer. The DataURI here must be a URL encoded message designed to work with the internet mailto service. Search the Web to find appropriate documentation and tools for creating these, for example Elements of a Mailto: URL Show a map for a location If you know the latitude and a longitude of a location, you can show a map using an activity starter with these properties to show a map of the area: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: geo:37.8,-122.23?z=23 The format of the DataURI is specific to the app. In this example, the URI specifies a z (zoom) of 23, which is the largest zoom value. Zoom value is optional and ranges from 1 (the entire Earth) to 23. If you know the zip code, you can set the activity starter properties as follows: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: geo:0,0&q=94043 If you have a street address, you can use a DataUri that encodes the address with a scheme called URL encoding: Action: android.intent.action.VIEW DataUri: geo:0,0&q=5000% 20MacArthurBlvd%20Oakland%2CCA Generally in URI encoding the only characters you have to replace are spaces ( %20 ) and punctuation marks, such as comma ( %2C ) and period ( %2E ). Play a YouTube video You'll need to know the URI of the YouTube video. Then set the Activity Starter properties as Action: android.intent.action.VIEW ActivityPackage: com.google.android.youtube ActivityClass: com.google.android.youtube.PlayerActivity and set the Data URI to the URI of the video to be played, for example: DataUri: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ADwPLSFeY8 Figuring out how to set the properties If you can't find documentation for the activities you want to start, one way to figure out how to set the properties is to start up the activity manually and look at what appears in the Android System Log. For example, if you use YouTube to play a video, you'll see in the log: I/ActivityManager( 86): Starting activity: Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW cat=[android.intent.category.BROWSABLE] dat=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ADwPLSFeY8 flg=0x3800000 cmp=com.google.android.youtube/.PlayerActivity } If you can find the "cmp=" string, then the ActivityPackage is the part before the slash, and the ActivityClass is is the entire "cmp=" part, without the slash character. As in the YouTube example, there may also be "dat=" information that can specify with the DataUri property. Starting arbitrary apps You can use the Activity Starter to start any activity at all if you know the package name and class name, or the appropriate intent. Some developers document these intents for the benefit of other Android developers. For hints on starting other apps using intents, see the Android API documentation or search the Android developer forums. If you have an app on your phone and you don't have the source code, you might still be able figure out the package name and class name (and sometimes the intent) by launching the app and inspecting the Android system log, as indicated above. Receiving results from apps that you start Some apps are constructed to return a result. You can see that result as the result argument of the activity starter's AfterActivity event. Currently, App Inventor can receive text results only. Returning results from App Inventor apps, and getting the result You can create App Inventor apps that return a (text) result to their callers, so they can be used as subroutines. To return a result, invoke the command close screen with plain text (located in the Control drawer). Your subroutine app will terminate, and the argument of close screen with plain text will become available to the app that called it. If the calling app was itself an App Inventor app that used an activity starter, it will see that text as the argument to the activity starter's AfterActivity event. In more detail, suppose there are two App Inventor apps: A SubroutineApp designed to be started with an activity starter and return a value, and a CallerApp that uses an ActivityStarter to call SubroutineApp. To return the result, SubroutineApp executes close screen with plain text, giving it as argument the result (text only) that should be returned to the caller. On the caller side, CallerApp sets up its Activity Starter with the correct package name and class name for starting SubroutineApp. It must also set the ActivityStarter.ResultName property to the special text string APP_INVENTOR_RESULT. Then CallerApp starts the SubroutineApp activity. When the subroutine finishes, the Activity Starter's AfterActivity event triggers, and the result that was passed back from SubroutineApp will be available as the result argument to AfterActivity. That same information is available as the ActivityStarter's Result property. Calling App Inventor Apps and passing values to them If you are writing an App Inventor CallerApp to call an App Inventor SubroutineApp, you can pass a text value to SubroutineApp. To do this, use an Activity Starter in CallerApp with the ExtraKey property to set to the special tag APP_INVENTOR_START and the ExtraValue property set to the text you want to pass. The SubroutineApp can retrieve that value by using the get start plain text block from the Control drawer. By passing and returning results, you can combine several App Inventor apps, both apps you write, as well as apps you share with others. Returning results from arbitrary applications Getting values back from other applications is like getting values back from App Inventor apps. In general in Android, an activity will return a result that is designated by a name, where the result is designated by a name, where the name is specified with the Activity Starter's ResultName property. The name to use for App Inventor apps is APP_INVENTOR_RESULT, as described above. Other applications, not created with App Inventor, will use other names, and you'll need to know those names in order get values back from those applications. In general, you'll need to consult documentation about the app you want to use as a subroutine. Some developers provide this information, or sometimes you'll have access to the source code. Not all Android apps use the Result and ResultName mechanism. For example, some apps return information via the properties ResultType and ResultUri. Again, you'll need to have information from the app developer to know which of these to use. For advanced developers: More specifically (with reference to the Android developer documentation) an app can be designed to return an intent. The Activity starter uses the specified ResultName to access intent.getStringExtra(resultName) to produce the result. The values for ResultType and ResultUri come from intent.getType() and intent.getType(). Example: Picking files from the SD Card Here's an example that illustrates using a third-party application: AndExplorer from Lysesoft is an application that lets you pick files for your SD card. You can call AndExplorer with an activity starter to add a file picking capability to your application. You'll need to have AndExplorer installed on your phone. You can get it from the Android Market. To start AndExplorer to pick a file, use an ActivityStarter with: Action: android.intent.action.PICK dataType: vnd.android.cursor.dir/lysesoft.andexplorer.file dataURI: file:///sdcard When you start the activity and pick a file, the resulting file name will be available as ResultUri. Also, ResultType will give the type of the file, for example, image/jpeg or audio/mpeg. Using this, you can write an app that lets you pick a file from the SD card and either displays the image or plays the music track as appropriate. Is the application available? If your app calls other apps as activities, you'll want to check that those other apps are available on your user's phone before trying to start them. You can check this using the Activity Starter method ResolveActivity, which returns the name of the Activity that would be started, given the package or intent information you've provided. If this name is blank, then the required application is not present, and you can warn your user. Using the Activity Starter versus using multiple screens The sections above explain how you can create an App Inventor app that calls another App Inventor app, perhaps with passing and returning text values. If you will be writing both apps, it's probably better to make a single multiscreen app rather than create two apps and use the Activity Starter. This will simplify things for your users, because they will need install only one app on their device. Also, with multiple screen apps, you can pass and return lists as values rather than just text, and you can share values between the screens with TinyDB. See the documentation on multiple screen apps for details. Note on upgrading old apps: The activity starter commands described here have changed from earlier releases, which used close screen with result and get start text, rather than the newer close screen with plain text and get start plain text. If you load the source for an app from before 2012 and release 66, App Inventor will flag the old blocks and require you to replace them with the new versions.

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Identifique erros no PC através dos Sons da BIOS

Identifique erros no PC através dos Sons da BIOS

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Quando o Windows está rodando, é fácil identificar erros. Mas o que fazer quando o PC não chega nem a iniciar? Para casos como este, há mensagens sonoras, um conjunto de bips curtos e longos que possibilitam o diagnóstico de um problema mesmo se a placa de vídeo não funcionar.

Estes sons são gerados pelo BIOS, um programa interno da placa-mãe que faz a verificação do hardware sempre que a máquina é ligada. Se algo estiver errado, você fica sabendo na hora. Uma vez que há mais de um fabricante de BIOS, as mensagens podem ser diferentes de um computador para outro. Aqui você confere as mensagens sonoras mais comuns dos BIOS da Award e da AMI, os mais usados no Brasil.

BIOS Award
Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve um bip longo após ligar o hardware
Diagnóstico: o erro indica que há um problema de memória RAM.
Recomendação: abra o computador, remova as memórias e passe um pincel macio para eliminar a poeira dos soquetes. Recoloque os pentes e verifique se o problema foi solucionado. Caso o erro persista, troque os pentes de memória RAM.

Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve um bip longo seguido por dois bips curtos
Diagnóstico: problema com a placa de vídeo
Recomendação: abra o computador, tire a placa e passe um pincel macio para remover a poeira do slot. Recoloque-a e verifique se o problema foi solucionado. Caso o erro persista, substitua a placa de vídeo.

Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve um bip longo seguido por três bips curtos
Diagnóstico: problema com a placa de vídeo
Recomendação: a mesma do caso anterior.

Problema: a máquina trava na iniciação e você ouve bips contínuos altos e baixos
Diagnóstico: problema com o processador
Recomendação: entre no BIOS e verifique se o processador está configurado corretamente. Se o problema persistir, substitua o processador.

Problema: a máquina funciona normalmente, mas você ouve bips baixos contínuos
Diagnóstico: problema de aquecimento do processador
Recomendação: abra o computador e verifique se o cooler está girando corretamente. Se necessário, substitua o componente. Aproveite também para adicionar um pouco de pasta térmica entre o processador e o dissipador de calor. Essas pastas são facilmente encontradas em lojas especializadas em informática.

BIOS AMI
Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve um bip curto, três bips curtos ou um bip longo e três curtos.
Diagnóstico: problema de memória
Recomendação: abra o computador, remova as memórias e passe um pincel macio para remover a poeira dos soquetes. Recoloque os pentes e verifique se o problema foi solucionado. Caso o erro persista, troque os pentes de memória RAM. Apenas como referência, um bip significa erro de refresh, três bips significam erro na memória RAM abaixo de 64 KB e um bit longo e três curtos significa erro na memória RAM acima de 64 KB.

Problema: o computador não inicia e você ouve dois bips curtos
Diagnóstico: erro de paridade de memória
Recomendação: você provavelmente tem dois ou mais pentes de memória incompatíveis. Abra o computador, remova todos os pentes e teste-os, um a um, até encontrar o pente incompatível.

Problema: o PC não inicia e você ouve cinco bips curtos
Diagnóstico: erro no processador
Recomendação: entre no BIOS e verifique se o processador está configurado corretamente. Se o problema persistir, substitua o chip.

Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve 11 bips curtos
Diagnóstico: falha na memória cache L2
Recomendação: substitua a placa-mãe.

Problema: a máquina não inicia e você ouve um bip longo seguido de dois bips curtos
Diagnóstico: problema com a placa de vídeo
Recomendação: abra o computador, tire a placa de vídeo e passe um pincel macio para remover a poeira do slot. Recoloque a placa de vídeo e verifique se o problema foi solucionado. Caso o erro persista, substitua a placa.

fonte: Toni Cavalheiro, PC World

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Logon Automático no Windows XP

Você pode configurar o Windows XP para automatizar o processo de logon se o seu computador não fizer parte de um domínio.

1.	Clique em Iniciar, Executar, e digite control userpasswords2.
2.	Desmarque a seleção da caixa Os usuários devem digitar um nome de usuário e uma senha para usar este computador.
3.	Clique em Aplicar.
4.	Digite um nome de usuário e uma senha com os quais deseja efetuar logon automaticamente e depois clique em OK.
5.	Clique em OK novamente e pronto.

Este recurso permite que outros usuários iniciem seu computador e utilizem a conta que você estabeleceu para o logon automático. Ativar este recurso torna seu computador mais conveniente para usar, mas pode gerar certo risco.

erro durante a tentativa de ingresso no dominio

xp no server2003

Adicione pelo próprio Windows XP Professional Edition a estação no Domínio.

Faça o logon na estação que esta com problemas como Administrador ou com um conta de privilégios de Administrador e abra as Propriedades do Sistema (WinKey+Pause Break), clique na Guia Nome do Computador e depois no botão ID de rede, será aberto o Assistente para identificar e ingressar em uma rede, clique em Avançar na 1ª tela e na 2ª certifique-se de que a opção

Este Computador faz parte de uma rede corporativa e o utilizo para conectar-me a outros computadores no trabalho esta marcada, esta opção é utilizada para ingressar uma estação em um domínio NT, 2000 Server ou 2003 Server, então clique em Avançar, na 3ª tela marque a opção Minha Empresa usa uma rede com um Domínio e clique em Avançar, agora na 4ª tela é essencial que saiba o nome e senha de um usuário pertencente ao grupo Administradores no Servidor e Domínio, preencha os campos Nome de Usuário, Senha e Domínio com as informações anteriormente citadas e clique em Avançar, na 5ª tela forneça o nome da estação, Domínio e clique em Avançar, uma caixa de logon sera exibida neste momento requisitando novamente o Nome de Usuário do Administrador do Domínio, senha e Domínio, forneça e clique em OK, aguarde que a estação seja ingressada no Domínio e após isso, marque a opção Não Adicionar um Usuário Agora e clique em Avançar, termine o processo conferindo as informações mostradas na última tela e clique em Concluir.

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